Hermeneutika Kesaksian dan Keterbacaan Transendensi dalam Filsafat Paul Ricœur
The Hermeneutics of Testimony: the Readability of Transcendence in Paul Ricœur’s Philosophy
Abstract
Transcendence plays an important role in Paul Ricœur’s philosophical reflections. In the philosophy of the will that marks the beginning of his career, Transcendence serves to reconcile the conflictual relationship between human freedom and the inherent conditions that limit it and to offer liberation of man from his fault. The same theme persisted in his later works, in his exploration of the role of Transcendence for forgiveness in the book on memory, history and forgetting. However, Ricœur never systematically wrote this role of Transcendence in a work because the third book of the trilogy of the philosophy of the will that was meant to elaborate on the role of Transcendence was never written. This provides an opportunity for Ricœur’s commentators to interpret the presence of Transcendence in Ricœur’s philosophy. This article argues that the hermeneutics of testimony is one of the gateways to understand Transcendence in Ricœur’s philosophy.
Abstrak
Transendensi memegang peranan penting di dalam refleksi filosofis Paul Ricœur. Di dalam filsafat kehendak yang menandai awal kariernya, Transendensi berperan untuk mendamaikan relasi konfliktual antara kebebasan manusia dan kondisi-kondisi absolut yang membatasinya dan lebih lagi untuk membebaskan manusia dari kesalahannya. Peran yang sama ditekankan Ricœur lagi di karya pada periode kematangan filosofisnya, yaitu peran Transendensi untuk pengampunan di buku tentang ingatan, sejarah dan pelupaan. Namun demikian, Ricœur tidak pernah menulis secara sistematis peran Transendensi ini dalam sebuah karya karena buku ketiga dari trilogi fillsafat kehendak yang dimaksudkan untuk mengurai peran Transendensi tidak pernah ditulisnya. Hal ini membuka peluang bagi para komentator Ricœur untuk menginterpretasi kehadiran Transendensi di dalam filsafat Ricœur. Artikel ini berargurmen bahwa hermeneutika kesaksian menjadi salah satu tempat keterbacaan Transendensi di dalam filsafat Ricœur.
Kata-kata kunci: filsafat kehendak, puitik kehendak, pengampunan, Transendensi, kesaksian, referensi metaforis, apropriasi
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